三八婦女節的由來 國際婦女節的由來英語
1910年,第二次關於勞動婦女的國際會議在哥本哈根舉行。一位名叫克拉拉·蔡特金(Clara
Zetkin)(德國的社會民族黨婦女辦公室主席)的婦女提交了關於國際婦女節的議案。她提議,每個國家每年都應該在某一天來慶祝婦女的節日,以便表達她們的要求。參加會議的100多名婦女來自世界17個國家,她們有來自工會的,社會政黨的,婦女俱樂部的,包括3名芬蘭議會選舉的女性,以一致透過的方式產生了國際婦女節。
In 1910 a second International Conference of Working Women was held in Copenhagen. A woman named Clara Zetkin (Leader of the ‘Women’s Office’ for the Social Democratic Party in Germany) tabled the idea of an International Women’s Day. She proposed that every year in every country there should be a celebration on the same day - a Women’s Day - to press for their demands. The conference of over 100 women from 17 countries, representing unions, socialist parties, working women’s clubs, and including the first three women elected to the Finnish parliament, greeted Zetkin’s suggestion with unanimous approval and thus International Women’s Day was the result.
1911年的第一屆婦女節超過了所有的預期。在全世界的各個角落甚至是小村莊組織召開了會議,以至於男人們被要求放棄他們的位置給婦女們。男人們呆在家裡照顧其孩子,他們的妻子,曾經在家的家庭主婦去參加會議。
Success of the first International Women’s Day in 1911 exceeded all expectation.Meetings were organized everywhere in small towns and even the villages halls were packed so full that male workers were asked to give up their places for women.
Men stayed at home with their children for a change, and their wives, the captive housewives, went to meetings.
在最大的街道上有3萬多名婦女在遊行,警察決定把遊行的橫幅標語拿走才使得婦女們能有個站立的地方。在接下來的對峙中,只有在國會社會代表的幫助下才避免了流血事件。
During the largest street demonstration of 30,000 women, the police decided to remove the demonstrators’ banners so the women workers made a stand. In the scuffle that followed, bloodshed was averted only with the help of the socialist deputies in Parliament.
1913年的國際婦女節改為3月8日,這一天被保留了下來,並且作為至今的國際婦女節。
In 1913 International Women’s Day was transferred to 8 March and this day has remained the global date for International Wommen’s Day ever since.
在1975年的國際婦女節上,聯合國正式給予國際婦女節官方確認,並且被許多國家的政府採納接受,現在國際婦女節在中國,亞美尼亞,俄羅斯,亞塞拜然,白俄羅斯,保加利亞,哈薩克,吉爾吉斯斯坦,馬其頓,摩爾多瓦,烏克蘭和越南等國家作為一個節假日。
During International Women’s Year in 1975, IWD was given official recognition by the United Nations and was taken up by many governments. International Women’s Day is marked by a national holiday in China, Armenia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.
第一個國際婦女節
第一個國際婦女節於1911年3月8日,由德國社會民主黨“婦女辦公室”領導人克拉拉。蔡特金髮動,在哥本哈根舉行。
In 1991, a handful of men in Canada launched the “white ribbon” campaign, which delivers the message that men are opposed to some other men’s violence against women.
1991年,由一群加拿大男性公民倡議發起的“白絲帶”活動,就是關注女性、保護女性的最好例證。
Women’s Day marks the role of women in both past and the present. However , the day is not a one-day routine. The real challenge lies in the spontaneous flow of feelings – honoring and celebrating womanhood on a particular March 8 only to forget its importance the next day is sacrilegious.
“國際婦女節”意在凸顯女性在社會中的重要角色。我們最大的挑戰在於:3月8日這天,各種慶祝活動大張旗鼓;3月8日之後,一切“絢麗”關注煙消雲散。
世界有趣的婦女節
■瑞士“掌權日”——每年1月4日是瑞士某些地區的“婦女掌權日”,為期4天的節日中,家裡大小事務全由婦女說了算,男人統統“閉幕”。
■英國“求愛日”——每逢閏2月29日是英國舊俗中的“婦女求愛日”。這一天,婦女可以擺脫世俗的清規戒律,大膽向意中人或未拿定主意的情人示意。
■西班牙“女市長節”——當日由女性主持市政公務,發號施令,男人如違抗,會被公眾群起攻之。
■日本“少女節”——3月3日是日本全國性的“少女節”,又稱“姑娘節”。這時正值紅桃報春,是女性美的象徵,所以也叫“桃花節”。
■尼泊爾&印度“媽媽節”——4月,在尼泊爾有一個歷時3天的婦女節,各地婦女披著紅色紗籠,成群結隊湧向首都加德滿都的帕蘇帕蒂廟。她們在吃飽了由丈夫烹煮的美食後,便在神像前大唱讚歌。印度也有一個“媽媽節”,已為人母者穿上彩色繽紛的紗籠,帶上各種首飾,這也是一年中她們最受尊重的一天。8月12日則是泰國的“媽媽節”。
■中非“母親節”——5月29日是中非的“媽媽節”,母親要帶著孩子參加遊行。
■西班牙“百女節”——5月第三個星期日,訂了婚還未過門的西班牙少女們持花登高,互相祝福。
■德國“太太節”——8月23日至9月15日是德國漢堡的“太太節”,由婦女組成的演藝團體專演一些宣傳男女平等的戲以示慶祝。